Diagnostic Ultrasound
Ultrasound is a useful tool which is particularly well suited to natural healthcare. It significantly increases our diagnostic ability by allowing internal organs to be examined in the office in a totally safe, non-invasive way. Gynaecologic ultrasound evaluates and measures your uterus, the uterine lining (endometrium), the area behind your uterus (cul-de-sac), the ovaries and the area around each ovary (adnexae). This helps in diagnosing and monitoring treatment progress for uterine abnormalities such as fibroids, polyps and cancer and ovarian abnormalities such as cysts, polycystic ovaries, infections and cancers. 
Ultrasound is particularly helpful in monitoring follicle (egg) development and endometrium thickness during fertility treatment. Modern ultrasound also allows simple non-invasive assessment of fallopian tube patency. If you are pregnant, an ultrasound examination can be used to confirm the location of the pregnancy, to determine the approximate date of conception and expected date of delivery, and to evaluate the fetus (or fetuses) and the environment in which the fetus is growing.
Ultrasound is particularly helpful in assessing the following groups of patients:
- Teenagers and young women experiencing menstrual problems and late menstrual onset
- Women who are trying to become pregnant
- Pregnant women
- Women of all ages with gynaecological disorders
- Women suffering menopausal symptoms
- Women concerned about cancer risk of the ovary or endometrium.
Is Ultrasound Safe?
Diagnostic ultrasound has been in use since the late 1950’s. No confirmed adverse biological effects on patients resulting from this usage have ever been reported despite very widespread use and hundreds of clinical studies into safety all over the world since that time.
Your Examination
Your ultrasound examination may be done at any time during your cycle. It is not necessary to reschedule your appointment if you are menstrual at the time of the exam. It is helpful to have a full bladder as this makes the images clearer. Do not urinate for 30 minutes prior to your appointment..
The ultrasound examination may consist of two parts: the trans-abdominal (through the abdominal wall) exam and the trans-vaginal (through the vaginal wall) exam. Sometimes, only one view will be necessary.
The trans-abdominal exam is done with a full bladder. A warm gel will be applied to your abdomen and the transducer will be moved over the abdomen. Sound waves sent out from the transducer enter the body and are reflected back as they come into contact with the internal organs. The only sensation you feel with this portion of the exam is firm pressure as the transducer is applied to the abdomen.
You will be asked to empty your bladder before the trans-vaginal portion of the examination is done. The trans-vaginal scan allows the transducer tip to be closer to the internal female organs to provide better picture quality (particularly of the ovaries). This portion of the exam should not be any more uncomfortable than a pelvic exam.
What is Ultrasound?
Ultrasound uses sound waves that are of a frequency higher than the normal range of hearing. These sound waves are transmitted into the body by a transducer. Sound waves from the transducer are reflected off the internal organs and interpreted by the scanner to create an image on a computer screen. These images are then printed onto paper, to be recorded as a series of pictures. Usually you are able to see the screen as the ultrasound examination is performed. The words “ultrasound study,” “ultrasound exam,” “scan” and “sonogram” all mean the same thing and are often used inter-changeably.